• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In the method according to the invention for protecting a non-moving working machine (1) driven by an electric motor (2), at least one measured value of a time-critical parameter of the working machine (1) is determined via a measuring unit, the working machine (1) being switched off when the determined measured value the time-critical parameter is outside a predetermined target range. The determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is quantized into a level signal and transmitted as first signal via an interface (8) to an evaluation unit (4), wherein a second signal to be transmitted from the measuring unit (3) to the evaluation unit (4) for further information the working machine (1) is modulated onto the first signal.
    公开号:CH712457A2
    申请号:CH00620/17
    申请日:2017-05-09
    公开日:2017-11-15
    发明作者:Ellwein Christian；Peng Xiaoming；Grüb Christian
    申请人:Kriwan Industrie-Elektronik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a method for protecting a non-driving machine driven by an electric motor as well as a non-driven machine driven by an electric motor.
    Electric motors of machines are at risk of overheating of the motor winding, with overloads, poor power quality (undervoltage / overvoltage), a disabled cooling, a blocked runner or the like, among the most common causes of failure include. Engines that are highly utilized, such as refrigeration compressor engines, are subject to forced cooling and must be particularly protected against such hazards.
    From DE 10 2014 107 170 A1 a protective device for temperature monitoring with a measuring circuit is known, which has a quantitative temperature sensor and at least one qualitative temperature sensor, which are arranged at a suitable location, for example in the winding of the motor. The protective device furthermore has a tripping device with an evaluation device in order to evaluate the measurement signal resulting from the total resistance of the measurement circuit and to generate an output signal for the tripping device as a function of the measurement signal.
    The invention is based on the object, the communication between the measuring unit and evaluation to improve cost.
    According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 13.
    In the inventive method for protecting a non-driving, driven by an electric motor work machine is determined by a measuring unit at least one measured value of a time-critical parameter of the machine, the machine is switched off when the determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is outside a predetermined target range. The determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is quantized into a level signal and transmitted as a first signal via an interface to an evaluation unit, wherein a second signal to be transmitted from the measuring unit to the evaluation unit is modulated onto the first signal for further information with respect to the work machine.
    The inventive, non-driving, driven by an electric motor work machine has a protective device which comprises at least one measuring unit and an evaluation unit, which are connected to transmit information via a current interface, wherein one of the measuring unit to the evaluation unit to be transmitted first signal as a level signal is formed and the evaluation unit is connected to a turn-off device for switching off the working machine in response to the first signal. Furthermore, a second signal to be transmitted from the measuring unit to the evaluation unit is modulated onto the first signal.
    Under a time-critical parameters of the machine are those parameters understood that can lead to a shutdown of the machine when the determined measurement is outside a predetermined target range. This may in particular be the winding temperature of the electric motor. For this purpose, a suitable temperature sensor, for example a sensor circuit having at least one PTC resistor, is arranged in at least one of the windings of the electric motor.
    The determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is quantized into countable levels (h, i2, i3, i4 in FIG. 2) (countable level signal) and transmitted, wherein in the simplest case only two levels are provided, namely a level for a non-critical State and a level for a critical state of the work machine. Of course, but also three, four or even more different levels can be defined and transmitted to describe the current state of the machine. If the time-critical parameter is outside a predetermined target range, a level is transmitted to the evaluation unit, which causes the shutdown of the work machine there before it takes damage.
    In order to increase the information content of the information transmitted between the measuring unit and the evaluation unit, a second signal to be transmitted from the measuring unit to the evaluation unit is modulated onto the first signal. In particular, the second signal may be information that is not relevant to safety and therefore not used for shutting down the work machine. Accordingly, a low transmission rate for the modulated second signal can be selected, which typically has a significantly higher information content compared to the first signal. While the information content of the first signal, depending on the number of predefined signal levels, is only one bit or a few bits, the information content of the second signal may be, for example, 1 kB or more. The second signal can be used, for example, for maintenance, care, troubleshooting on the machine or for optimizing the control / regulation.
    Furthermore, the working machine can be optionally set in a programming mode in which data is transmitted from the evaluation unit to the measuring unit via the interface. In this way, for example, a changed number of the predefined signal levels for the time-critical signal 11, a new assignment of the levels to the temperature ranges and / or other configuration values for the measuring unit can be transmitted from the evaluation unit to the measuring unit.
    As a working machine preferably fluid energy machines or a conveyor or a hoist are used.
    The first signal for representing different states of the work machine is transmitted with at least a first and a second level, wherein the level of the first signal to be used depends on the determined measured value. The second signal is expediently modulated with a predefined amplitude to the first signal, which is smaller than the difference of the two levels. In this way, it can be clearly determined in which level the first signal is located.
    The evaluation unit is connected to a turn-off device for switching off the work machine in response to the first signal in connection. The switch-off device can in particular have at least one first protective relay, which assumes a deactivated or activated state as a function of the first signal in order to switch off the working machine in the event of an error. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the evaluation unit further has at least one visualization unit or data interface for outputting further information transmitted via the second signal.
    Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following description and the drawings.
    In the drawing:
    1 is a block diagram of the inventive work machine,
    2 shows a quantized signal profile (first signal) of the measured value of the time-critical parameter,
    FIG. 3 shows a signal profile of a digital data signal (second signal according to a first variant) with a predefined amplitude and with a defined data transmission rate (baud rate), FIG.
    4 shows a signal profile of a digital, frequency-modulated data signal (second signal according to a second variant), which is formed from two different frequencies and
    5 shows a signal course of the mixed signal, wherein the digital data signal (second signal) according to FIG. 2 is modulated onto the first signal.
    The block diagram of Fig. 1 shows a work machine 1, which is in particular a fluid energy machine (for example a compressor or a pump) or a conveyor or hoist. In particular, it has an electric motor 2, a measuring unit 3 and an evaluation unit 4. The measuring unit 3 comprises at least one sensor 5, which is, for example, a temperature sensor which is arranged in one of the windings of the electric motor 2. The evaluation unit 4 is connected to a shutdown device 6, which includes at least a first protection relay 7, which assumes a deactivated or activated state in response to the first signal to turn off the work machine 1, in particular its electric motor in an error. The transmission of information between measuring unit 3 and evaluation unit 4 via a (power) interface 8 with a current loop I for the transmission of information between the measuring unit 3 to the evaluation unit 4. Furthermore, a line 9 for power supply and a ground line 10 are provided.
    The signal transmitted via the current loop I between the measuring unit 3 and the evaluation unit 4 is a mixed signal which is composed of a first signal 11 and a second signal 12 (FIG. 5). The first signal, which transmits the time-critical parameter determined via the sensor 5, can assume four different predefined levels i1, i2, i3, i4 in the embodiment shown (FIG. 2), which respectively correspond to different states of the work machine. For example, it may be determined in the evaluation unit 4 that the shutdown device 6 or its protective relay 7 causes a shutdown of the work machine 1 at a level i4. The three other levels h, i2, i3 indicate uncritical conditions of the working machine and can, depending on the height, for example, correspond to different high temperatures of the motor winding.
    The second signal 12 may be a digital data signal having a predefined amplitude (FIG. 3), wherein the digital data signal consists of a higher (high) and a lower (low) signal level. According to FIG. 5, the second signal 12 of FIG. 3 is modulated onto the first signal 11 with a predefined amplitude.
    While the information content of the first signal 11 in the illustrated embodiment is only 2 bits (4 states), a much higher information content of typically a few kb can be transmitted via the second signal.
    The time-critical parameter, which is transmitted as the first signal, indicates in real time the current state of the machine and therefore can cause a shutdown of the machine within a very short time when the time-critical parameter, which is determined by the sensor 5, outside of one The information of the second signal, which require a much longer period for transmission, thus does not delay the transmission of the first signal. The second signal 12 is not safety relevant and therefore does not lead to the shutdown of the machine. There is therefore no real-time requirement here.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    The digital data signal can be formed by other modulation methods, such as period modulation, frequency modulation or pulse-width modulation (Figure 4). In a corresponding manner, the second signal 12 according to FIG. 4 can also be modulated onto the first signal 11 (FIG. 2). In addition to the transmission of the first and second signals 11 and 12 between the measuring unit and the evaluation can also be transmitted via the current loop and information from the evaluation unit 4 to the measuring unit 3 by the machine 1 is for example placed in a special programming mode. This information may, for example, be a changed number of the predefined signal levels for the time-critical signal 11, a new assignment of the levels to the temperature ranges and / or other configuration values for the measuring unit 3. The work machine 1 can be brought into the special programming mode, for example, that within the first 3 seconds after switching on the supply voltage, a very unusual resistance instead of the temperature sensor 5 is connected to the measuring unit 3, the resistance value during normal operation of the work machine I never is expected. The evaluation unit 4 may further comprise at least one visualization unit 13 or a data interface for outputting the further information transmitted via the second signal 12. claims
    1. A method for protecting a non-driving, with an electric motor (2) driven machine (t), wherein a measuring unit (3) at least one measured value of a time-critical parameter of the working machine (1) is determined, wherein the working machine (1) is turned off, if the determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is outside a predetermined nominal range, the determined measured value of the time-critical parameter is quantized into a level signal (h, i2, i3, i4) and sent as first signal (11) to an evaluation unit (4) via an interface (8). is transmitted, characterized in that one of the measuring unit (3) to the evaluation unit (4) to be transmitted second signal (12) for further information regarding the working machine (1) to the first signal (11) is modulated.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that come as a working machine (1) a fluid energy machine or a conveyor system or a hoist are used.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the determined measured value of the time-critical parameter for representing different states of the work machine (1) is quantized in at least two different levels and transmitted as the first signal (11).
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second signal (12) is a digital data signal having a defined data transmission rate.
    [5]
    5. decay according to claim 1, characterized in that the second signal (12) to the first signal (11) is modulated with a predefined amplitude.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second signal is modulated with an amplitude to the first signal, which is smaller than the smallest difference of all provided levels of the first signal (11).
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the second signal (12) is formed of a higher and a lower signal level.
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the second signal (12) is frequency-modulated and is formed from two different frequencies.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the second signal (12) is modulated by pulse-width modulation, wherein the digital data signal of the second signal (12) of two different pulse widths of the positive pulse, the negative pulse, or both consists.
    [10]
    10. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a demodulation is provided, wherein the first and second signal (12) are separated and thus evaluated independently.
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the working machine can be set in a programming mode, in which via the interface (8) data from the evaluation unit (4) to the measuring unit (3) are transmitted.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as interface (8) between the evaluation unit (4) and the measuring unit (3) a current, voltage, optical or other physical interface is used.
    [13]
    13. Non-driving, driven by an electric motor (2) working machine (1) having a protective device, comprising at least one measuring unit (3) and an evaluation unit (4), which are connected to transmit information via an interface (8) with each other, wherein a from the measuring unit (3) to the evaluation unit (4) to be transmitted first signal (11) is formed as a level signal and the evaluation unit (4) with a shutdown device (6) for switching off the working machine (1) in response to the first signal (11 ) is connected, characterized in that one of the measuring unit (3) to the evaluation unit (4) to be transmitted second signal (12) is modulated onto the first signal.
    [14]
    14. Work machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the measuring unit (3) has at least one first sensor (5) for determining a time-critical parameter of the working machine (1).
    [15]
    15. A working machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the switching-off device (6) has at least one first protective relay (7), which occupies a deactivated or activated state in response to the first signal (11) to the work machine (1) in case of failure off.
    [16]
    16. Work machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the evaluation unit (4) further comprises at least one visualization unit (13) or data interface for the output of the second signal (12) transmitted further information.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    DE102016108506B3|2017-09-21|
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    US20170322260A1|2017-11-09|
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    法律状态:
    2020-07-31| AZW| Rejection (application)|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102016108506.5A|DE102016108506B3|2016-05-09|2016-05-09|Method for protecting a non-driving, powered by an electric motor working machine and non-driving, driven by an electric motor work machine|
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